Non-Financial Hurdles for Human Capital Accumulation: Landownership in Korea under Japanese Rule

This paper suggests that inequality of landownership is a non-financial hurdle for human capital accumulation. It is the first to present evidence that inequality of landownership had an adverse effect on the level of public education in the Korean colonial period. Exploiting variations in inequality in land concentration across regions in Korea and accounting for unobserved heterogeneity across theses regions, using a fixed effect model, the analysis establishes a highly significant adverse effect of land inequality on education in Korea’s colonial period

Non-financial hurdles for human capital accumulation : landownership in Korea under Japanese rule

This paper suggests that inequality in landownership is a nonfinancial hurdle for human capital accumulation. It is the first to present evidence that inequality in landownership had an adverse effect on the level of public education in the Korean colonial period. Using a fixed effects model, the present research exploits variations in inequality in land concentration across regions in Korea and accounts for the unobserved heterogeneity across these regions. The analysis establishes a highly significant adverse effect of Land inequality on education in the Korean colonial period

The role of industry, occupation, and location specific knowledge in the survival of new firms

How do regions acquire the knowledge they need to diversify their economic activities? How does the migration of workers among firms and industries contribute to the diffusion of that knowledge? Here we measure the industry, occupation, and location-specific knowledge carried by workers from one establishment to the next using a dataset summarizing the individual work history for an entire country. We study pioneer firms--firms operating in an industry that was not present in a region--because the success of pioneers is the basic unit of regional economic diversification. We find that the growth and survival of pioneers increase significantly when their first hires are workers with experience in a related industry, and with work experience in the same location, but not with past experience in a related occupation. We compare these results with new firms that are not pioneers and find that industry-specific knowledge is significantly more important for pioneer than non-pioneer firms. To address endogeneity we use Bartik instruments, which leverage national fluctuations in the demand for an activity as shocks for local labor supply. The instrumental variable estimates support the finding that industry-related knowledge is a predictor of the survival and growth of pioneer firms. These findings expand our understanding of the micro-mechanisms underlying regional economic diversification events

The Trade-off between Fertility and Education: Evidence from the Korean Development Path

Unified Growth Theory suggests the demographic transition and the associated rise in human capital formation were critical forces in the transition from Malthusian stagnation to modern economic growth. This paper provides empirical evidence in support of this hypothesis based on the development process in Korea. Exploiting variations in fertility in human capital formation across regions in Korea over the period 1970 to 2010, the study establishes that the process of development in Korea was associated with a reduction in child quantity and increase child quality

Has the German reunification strengthened Germanys national innovation system? : Triple Helix dynamics of Germanys innovation system

This paper investigates whether the German reunification strengthened the countrys national innovation system, using the Triple Helix model. In particular, it assesses the various dimensions of the innovation system by analyzing co-authorship networks from 1973 to 2014. Despite the series of policies promoting collaboration between the two regions and the rise in the number of regional collaborations and in the number of papers, the results show that the national innovation system of Germany has worsened since the reunification in 1990, and the role of government is critical in encouraging collaboration. Finally, this paper uses survey data on the type of Triple Helix configuration that actually occurred in East Germany as a robustness check

A neo-Schumpeterian perspective on the analytical macroeconomic framework : the expanded reproduction system

This study aims to introduce a new analytical macroeconomic framework, the expanded reproduction system, that combines the accumulated wisdom of several contemporary economic models while also compensating for their shortcomings. This new framework may be used to study macroeconomic phenomena from both the supply and demand side over a number of different time intervals. Furthermore, as we account for both new product and productivity innovations, we are able to account for both qualitative and quantitative developments within the economy

Non-Financial Hurdles for Human Capital Accumulation: Landownership in Korea under Japanese Rule

This paper suggests that inequality of landownership is a non-financial hurdle for human capital accumulation. It is the first to present evidence that inequality of landownership had an adverse effect on the level of public education in the Korean colonial period. Exploiting variations in inequality in land concentration across regions in Korea and accounting for unobserved heterogeneity across theses regions, using a fixed effect model, the analysis establishes a highly significant adverse effect of land inequality on education in Korea’s colonial period

The Trade-off between Fertility and Education: Evidence from the Korean Development Path

Unified Growth Theory suggests the demographic transition and the associated rise in human capital formation were critical forces in the transition from Malthusian stagnation to modern economic growth. This paper provides empirical evidence in support of this hypothesis based on the development process in Korea. Exploiting variations in fertility in human capital formation across regions in Korea over the period 1970 to 2010, the study establishes that the process of development in Korea was associated with a reduction in child quantity and increase child quality